Linux的Nginx安装配置教程

一、下载安装包

下载地址：Nginx安装包下载地址

二、安装Nginx

1.安装编译工具以及库文件

执行下列命令

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel

2.安装 PCRE

下载地址：PCRE安装包下载地址

上传安装包并在上传目录执行一下语句

tar xzvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.35
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install
#查看是否安装成功
pcre-config --version

如下图：

3.安装Nginx

上传安装包并在上传目录执行一下语句

tar xzvf nginx-1.21.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.21.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre --add-module=/usr/local/src/incubator-pagespeed-ngx 
make && make install
#查看当前Nginx版本
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v

如下图：

三、Nginx配置

1.创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www

执行命令

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

2.配置nginx.conf

将/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容

user www www;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
   use epoll;
   worker_connections 65535;
}


http {
   include       mime.types;
   default_type  application/octet-stream;

   log_format  main    '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                   '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                   '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

   #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

   server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
   client_header_buffer_size 32k;
   large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
   client_max_body_size 8m;

   sendfile        on;
   tcp_nopush     on;
   keepalive_timeout  65;
   tcp_nodelay on;
   fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
   fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
   fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
   fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
   fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
   fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
   fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
   gzip on; 
   gzip_min_length 1k;
   gzip_buffers 4 16k;
   gzip_http_version 1.0;
   gzip_comp_level 2;
   gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
   gzip_vary on;

   server {
       listen       80;
       server_name  localhost;

       #charset koi8-r;

       #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

       location / {
           root   /usr/local/nginx/html;
           index  index.html index.htm index.php;
       }

       #error_page  404              /404.html;

       # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
       #
       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
       location = /50x.html {
           root   html;
       }

       # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
       #
       #location ~ \.php$ {
       #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
       #}

       # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
       #
       #location ~ \.php$ {
       #    root           html;
       #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
       #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
       #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
       #    include        fastcgi_params;
       #}

       # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
       # concurs with nginx's one
       #
       #location ~ /\.ht {
       #    deny  all;
       #}

       location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$ {
           expires 30d;
           # access_log off;
       }
       location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
           expires 15d;
           # access_log off;
       }
       access_log off;
   }


   # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
   #
   #server {
   #    listen       8000;
   #    listen       somename:8080;
   #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

   #    location / {
   #        root   html;
   #        index  index.html index.htm;
   #    }
   #}


   # HTTPS server
   #
   #server {
   #    listen       443 ssl;
   #    server_name  localhost;

   #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
   #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

   #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
   #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

   #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
   #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

   #    location / {
   #        root   html;
   #        index  index.html index.htm;
   #    }
   #}

}

4.设置Nginx开机自启动

建立服务文件

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
#新建文件，把下面文件内容放到文件中


[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

保存退出后，执行以下命令来设置开机自启动

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl start nginx

5.Nginx相关命令

#加入开机自启动
systemctl enable nginx
#取消开机自启动
systemctl disable nginx
#启动nginx服务
systemctl start nginx
#停止nginx服务
systemctl stop nginx
#重启nginx服务
systemctl restart nginx
#查看nginx服务当前状态
systemctl status nginx
#查看开机已启动是否设置成功
systemctl list-units --type=service |grep nginx